What are the quality indicators of oilseed seeds?
The quality indicators of oilseed grains can be categorized as follows, with variations depending on different standards:
1. Basic Physical Indicators
Oil Content: A core metric for oilseeds like rapeseed, e.g., Grade 3 rapeseed requires ≥38.0%.
Moisture Content: Generally ≤8.0% for rapeseed; excess moisture may cause mold.
Impurity Content: Includes sand, straw, etc., with a standard limit of ≤3.0% for rapeseed.
Damaged Kernels: Such as immature, sprouted, or heat-damaged grains, with moldy kernels limited to ≤2.0% for rapeseed.
2. Chemical Composition Indicators
Erucic Acid Content: Low-erucic rapeseed requires ≤1%, while conventional rapeseed may exceed this.
Glucosinolates (Sinigrin): Low-glucosinolate rapeseed must be ≤20 μmol/g, with higher levels in conventional types.
Color & Odor: Evaluated via sensory or instrumental methods, complying with GB/T 5492-2008.
3. Processing & Safety Indicators
Moldy Kernels: Directly impact oil safety, limited to ≤2.0% for rapeseed.
Heat-Damaged Kernels: Reflect storage conditions, capped at ≤2.0%.
4. Testing Method Standards
Oil content determination (GB/T 14488.1-2008), moisture analysis (GB/T 14489.1-2008), impurity inspection (GB/T 5494-2019).
Erucic acid and glucosinolate analysis via spectrophotometry (GB/T 23890-2009).
Specific indicators may vary by oilseed type (e.g., rapeseed, peanut, sunflower) and intended use (food or industrial).
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