Diesel fuel is a light petroleum product and a mixture of complex hydrocarbons (with approximately 10 to 22 carbon atoms). Under normal conditions, it is a light yellow or brownish liquid, with a density generally ranging from 0.81 to 0.86 g/cm³, and it has mild anesthetic and irritating effects.It is mainly formulated from diesel fractions produced through processes such as crude oil distillation, catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, hydrocracking, and petroleum coking. It can also be produced by shale oil processing and coal liquefaction. Diesel fuel is classified into two major categories: light diesel fuel (with a boiling range of approximately 180 to 370°C) and heavy diesel fuel (with a boiling range of approximately 350 to 410°C).
Purpose of the Experiment：
1. Ensure Product Quality
①Improve Purity: Moisture reduces the purity of diesel fuel, which impairs combustion efficiency and engine performance.
②Prevent Oxidation and Gelation: Moisture accelerates the oxidation and gelation of diesel fuel, leading to long-term performance degradation.
2. Safeguard Equipment Safety
①Prevent Corrosion: Inorganic salts (e.g., NaCl) in moisture can intensify equipment corrosion and shorten its service life.
②Avoid Blockages: Moisture may freeze at low temperatures, potentially clogging oil circuits or filters. This risk is particularly high in jet fuel and diesel fuel.
3.Optimize Production and Transportation
①Reduce Energy Consumption: Moisture in diesel fuel increases the energy consumption of distillation units; dehydrating diesel can improve production efficiency.
②Control Transportation Risks: Moisture lowers the low-temperature fluidity of diesel fuel, which may cause fuel supply interruption accidents.
4.Meet Standard Requirements
①Comply with Industry Specifications: Strict regulations stipulate that the moisture content of light diesel fuel and automotive diesel fuel shall be "trace" (i.e., no visible moisture).
②Trade Measurement: Accurate determination of moisture content enables the calculation of net oil volume, ensuring fair trade.
Experimental Instruments & Samples：
Experimental Samples：diesel
Experimental Instrument：
①SD260B Distillation Water Content Tester
②Optional accessories such as sensitive balances, measuring cylinders, extraction solvents, and cleaning solvents that comply with GB/T 260 and ASTM D95
testing method：
1.Prepare and homogenize the sample in accordance with the standard GB/T 260-2016.
2.Measure an appropriate amount of the sample using a measuring cylinder. Rinse the measuring cylinder in portions with one 50 mL aliquot and two 25 mL aliquots of extraction solvent, and completely transfer the sample to the distillation apparatus.
3.Select a suitable receiver.
4.Heat the distillation flask and adjust the boiling rate of the sample.
5.After the receiver cools down, dislodge the adhering moisture into the water layer, read the volume of water (accurate to the graduated value), and calculate the moisture content.
Experimental Results
Through testing and analysis, the moisture content test result of this batch of diesel fuel is less than 0.005%, which meets the standard requirements.
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