What do the flash and ignition points of petroleum products relate to?

The flash point and fire point of petroleum products are key indicators measuring their flammability and safety, with their values influenced by the following factors:

I. Factors Affecting the Flash Point

‌Composition of the Oil Product‌

Light hydrocarbons (e.g., gasoline, kerosene) have lower flash points, typically below 60°C, while heavy oils (e.g., fuel oil, lubricating oil) can exceed 200°C.

Sulfur compounds may lower the flash point, while high aromatic content can increase it.

‌Testing Conditions and Methods‌

Open-cup methods (e.g., ASTM D92) and closed-cup methods (e.g., ASTM D93) yield significantly different results, with closed-cup methods generally reporting lower flash points.

Environmental conditions such as air pressure and humidity can also affect flash point test results.

‌Impurities and Moisture‌Water or suspended particles may interfere with vapor generation, leading to deviations in flash point measurements.

II. Factors Affecting the Fire Point

‌Type of Oil Product‌

Gasoline has a fire point of approximately 45–435°C, diesel 350–410°C, and crude oil even higher (380–530°C).

Higher refining levels generally correspond to higher fire points (e.g., refined corn oil reaches 389°C).

‌Sustained Combustion Characteristics‌

The fire point requires the oil surface to sustain combustion, making it 20–60°C higher than the flash point.

‌External Conditions‌

Reduced atmospheric pressure may elevate the fire point (e.g., diesel fire points may rise under low pressure).

III. Industrial Applications

‌Safe Storage‌: Oil products with flash points below 23°C (e.g., gasoline) must be tightly sealed to prevent static sparks.
‌Transport Classification‌: International maritime regulations (e.g., IMDG Code) categorize hazard levels based on flash points.

SD3536 Semi-automatic open flash point tester is in according to the standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T3536-2008 "petroleum products determination of flash point and burning point Cleveland KaiKouBei act the requirements stipulated in the design and manufacture, is suitable for the determination of the fuel oil and oil products outside the mouth flash point is below 79 ℃, flash point and burning point also support GB/T1671-2008 plasticizer on the determination of flash point.